HAKIMAH, FARDA (2025) EVALUASI RASIONALITAS PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK PADA PASIEN PNEUMONIA KOMUNITAS DI RSUD DR. HARJONO PONOROGO. Masters thesis, Universitas Setia Budi.
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Abstract
Pneumonia remained a serious health problem in Indonesia with
a national prevalence of 0.48% based on health worker diagnosis.
Antibiotics were a key component in pneumonia management, and
their irrational use could increase the risk of bacterial resistance and
worsen patients’ clinical outcomes. Based on this urgency, this study
aimed to evaluate the rationality of antibiotic use in pneumonia patients
using the Gyssens method and to analyze its relationship with clinical
outcomes.
This study employed an analytic observational method with a
retrospective cohort design. The study samples were adult pneumonia
patients who were hospitalized between January and December 2023.
Evaluation of antibiotic rationality referred to the American Thoracic
Society (ATS)/Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)
guidelines and the Indonesian National Guidelines for Medical
Services. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively and
inferentially using the chi-square test.
The study showed that 69% of antibiotic use in community
acquired pneumonia was rational, with the primary clinical outcome
dominated by the “improved” category (74.7%) and an average length
of stay of 3–5 days as the secondary outcome. Chi-square analysis
demonstrated a significant association between antibiotic rationality
and clinical outcomes (p=0.028), indicating that patients receiving
rational therapy were 3.58 times more likely to achieve favorable
outcomes. Further fishbone analysis identified patient, healthcare
provider, drug-related, laboratory, and managerial factors as
contributors to irrational use, indicating the need for comprehensive
improvements to optimize the management of community-acquired
pneumonia.
Pneumonia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan serius di
Indonesia dengan prevalensi nasional 0,48% berdasarkan diagnosis
tenaga kesehatan. Antibiotik merupakan komponen kunci dalam tata
laksanan pneumonia, penggunaannya yang tidak rasional dapat
meningkatkan risiko resistensi bakteri dan memperburuk clinical
outcome pasien. Berdasarkan urgensi tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk mengevaluasi rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien
pneumonia menggunakan metode gyssens dan menganalisis
hubungannya dengan clinical outcome.
Penelitan ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik
dengan desain kohort retrospektif. Sampel penelitian merupakan pasien
pneumonia dewasa yang dirawat inap dalam periode Januari-Desember
2023. Evaluasi rasionalitas antibiotik akan mengacu pada pedoman
American Thoracic Society (ATS)/Infectious Diseases Society of
American (IDSA) dan Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran: Tata
Laksana Pneumonia pada Dewasa. Data yang diperoleh kemudian
dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan uji chi-square.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 69% penggunaan antibiotik pada
pasien pneumonia komunitas bersifat rasional, dengan clinical outcome
primer didominasi kategori membaik (74,7%) dan lama rawat rata-rata
3–5 hari sebagai outcome sekunder. Analisis chi-square membuktikan
adanya hubungan signifikan antara rasionalitas antibiotik dan clinical
outcome (p=0,028), di mana pasien dengan terapi rasional memiliki
peluang 3,58 kali lebih besar untuk mencapai outcome baik. Analisis
fishbone lebih lanjut mengidentifikasi faktor pasien, tenaga kesehatan,
obat, laboratorium, dan manajerial sebagai penyebab ketidakrasionalan,
sehingga perbaikan menyeluruh diperlukan untuk meningkatkan mutu
tata laksana pneumonia komunitas.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Pneumonia, Antibiotic Rationality, Gyssens Method, Clinical Outcome, Fishbone Pneumonia, Rasionalitas Antibiotik, Metode Gyssens, Clinical Outcome, Fishbone |
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica |
| Divisions: | Universitas Setia Budi > Fakultas Farmasi > S2 Farmasi(Magister) |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with email baa.si@setiabudi.ac.id |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Dec 2025 03:30 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Dec 2025 03:30 |
| URI: | https://eprints.setiabudi.ac.id/id/eprint/150 |
