OPTIMASI KONDISI EKSTRAKSI TOTAL FENOL, FLAVONOID DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN BIJI ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill.) MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN

TOMI, RIZQIKA BASTIAN (2025) OPTIMASI KONDISI EKSTRAKSI TOTAL FENOL, FLAVONOID DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN BIJI ALPUKAT (Persea americana Mill.) MENGGUNAKAN METODE SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN. Masters thesis, Universitas Setia Budi.

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Abstract

Avocado seeds contain bioactive compounds such as procyanidins, phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, acetogenins, amino fatty acids, and weak acids that can be used as antioxidants. Antioxidants are compounds that can inhibit oxidation and block damaging production, as well as block ageing, inflammation, and cancer. This study aims to determine the effect of solvent ratios, the optimal solvent formula composition, and the total phenol content, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of the optimal solvent in the avocado seed extraction process. The research method used the SLD (Simplex Lattice Design) Design Expert method. The extract formula was prepared using sonication, with the results showing 17 formulas for three solvents: acetone, distilled water, and 70% ethanol. Test parameters included phytochemical screening tests, specific and non-specific parameter tests, total phenol tests, total flavonoid tests, and antioxidant activity tests using the DPPH method. Statistical data analysis was performed using Design Expert with ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) output according to the designed experimental design. The results obtained based on the research are the 12th run formula with a solvent ratio of acetone, distilled water, and 70% ethanol (100:0:0) has an extract yield of 3.25%, total flavonoids of 17.302 mgQE/g extract, total phenols of 46.274 mgGAE/g extract, and antioxidant activity of 81.68 ppm, the optimisation results show that the optimum solvent composition is 100% Acetone, without a mixture of 70% Ethanol or Distilled Water. Biji alpukat mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti procyanidin, senyawa fenolik, triterpenoid, asetogenin, asam lemak amina, dan asam lemah yang dapat digunakan sebagai antioksidan. Antioksidan adalah senyawa yang dapat menghambat oksidasi serta memblokir produksi yang merusak dan, memblokir penuaan, peradangan, dan kanker. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari perbandingan pelarut, komposisi formula pelarut yang optimal, dan kadar fenol total, flavonoid total, dan aktivitas antioksidan dari pelarut yang optimal dalam proses ekstraksi biji alpukat. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain metode SLD (Simplex Lattice Design) Design Expert. Formula ekstrak dibuat dengan metode sonikasi, hasil running menunjukkan 17 formula terhadap tiga pelarut yaitu aseton, akuades, dan etanol 70%. Parameter pengujian antara lain uji skrining fitokimia, uji parameter spesifik dan non-spesifik, uji total fenol, uji total flavonoid, dan uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH. Analisis data statistik dilakukan menggunakan Design Expert dengan keluaran ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) sesuai dengan desain eksperimen yang dirancang. Hasil yang diperoleh berdasarkan penelitian adalah formula run ke-12 dengan perbandingan pelarut aseton, akuades, dan etanol 70% (100:0:0) memiliki rendemen ekstrak 3,25%, total flavonoid sebesar 17,302 mgQE/g ekstrak, total fenol sebesar 46,274 mgGAE/g ekstrak, dan aktivitas antioksidan sebesar 81,68 ppm, hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa komposisi pelarut optimum adalah 100% Aseton, tanpa campuran Etanol 70% atau Akuades.
Item Type: Thesis (Masters)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Avocado seed, antioxidant, SLD, IC50, Desain Expert. Biji alpukat, antioksidan, SLD, IC50, Design Expert
Subjects: L Education > L Education (General)
Q Science > QH Natural history > QH301 Biology
R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica
Divisions: Universitas Setia Budi > Fakultas Farmasi > S2 Farmasi(Magister)
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email baa.si@setiabudi.ac.id
Date Deposited: 29 Dec 2025 06:16
Last Modified: 29 Dec 2025 06:16
URI: https://eprints.setiabudi.ac.id/id/eprint/160

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