KAJIAN POTENSI INTERAKSI OBAT PADA PENGOBATAN JANTUNG KORONER PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DI POLI JANTUNG RSUD IBU FATMAWATI SOEKARNO KOTA SURAKARTA TAHUN 2022

Penyakit jantung koroner merupakan penyakit kompleks dengan angka kematian tinggi dan membutuhkan terapi kombinasi untuk tercapainya outcome yang baik. Kombinasi beberapa terapi berpotensi menimbulkan interaksi obat, yang dapat menimbulkan permasalahan pengobatan, meningkatkan biaya dan mengganggu efektivitas pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis potensi interaksi obat pada pengobatan jantung koroner pasien rawat jalan di Poli Jantung RSUD Ibu Fatmawati Soekarno Kota Surakarta tahun 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif non eksperimental, dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif berdasarkan data resep dari 345 pasien, dan hasil dianalisis secara univariat dengan persentase data. Referensi yang digunakan adalah buku Stockley’s, atau website Medscape, atau aplikasi Lexicomp, dan beberapa jurnal pendukung. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu terdapat potensi interaksi sebanyak 2364 kasus dimana kemunculan terbanyak yaitu interaksi antara spironolactone dan simvastatin (154 kali), spironolactone dan furosemide (149 kali), spironolactone dan candesartan (147 kali). Frekuensi potensi interaksi obat yang terjadi yaitu 7 interaksi tiap pasien dari total 2364 kasus. Berdasarkan tingkat keparahan interaksi dikategorikan menjadi mayor, moderate, dan minor dengan persentase masing-masing 11,63%, 66,62%, dan 21,74%. Mekanisme interaksinya dikategorikan menjadi farmakodinamik, farmakokinetik, serta unknown dengan persentase masing-masing 62,23%, 35,19%, dan 2,58%. Coronary heart disease is a complex disease with a high mortality rate and requires combination therapy to achieve favorable outcomes. The combination of several therapies may potentially lead to drug interactions, which can create treatment issues, increase costs, and disrupt treatment effectiveness. The objective of this study is to identify and analyze potential drug interactions in the treatment of coronary heart disease in outpatients at the Cardiology Clinic of RSUD Ibu Fatmawati Soekarno Kota Surakarta in 2022. The research method used was non-experimental descriptive, with data retrieval done retrospectively based on prescription data from 345 patients. The data was analyzed univariately using percentage distribution. References used in this study include Stockley's book, Medscape website, Lexicomp application, and several supporting journals. The results of the study revealed a total of 2364 potential drug interactions, with the most frequent occurrences being interactions between spironolactone and simvastatin (154 times), spironolactone and furosemide (149 times), and spironolactone and candesartan (147 times). The frequency of potential drug interactions observed was 7 interactions per patient out of a total of 2364 potential interactions. Based on the severity level, the interactions were categorized as major, moderate, and minor with percentages of 11.63%, 66.62%, and 21.74%, respectively. The mechanisms of interactions were further classified as pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and unknown with percentages of 62.23%, 35.19%, and 2.58%, respectively.